I found a Ring Ouzel singing. It sounded close and clear but was actually most of the way up this photograph. It was using a tier of crags like a reflector to project the song. Perhaps he was at the focal point like the bulb in an old-fashioned car headlight sits at the focal point of a parabolic reflector so it can project a forward beam. Perhaps this now explains why singing Ring Ouzels always seem to be so high up. I wonder if this is a common behaviour with them.